AP Chemistry Free Response Questions by Topic

AP Chemistry Free Response Questions by TopicThere are many different AP Chemistry free response questions by topic. You will want to know what questions you need to be familiar with and which ones you can probably figure out quickly.This type of practice works best for students who are working on straight line equations. If you are studying an integration or a vector law or any of the linear algebra, you will have no problem answering the questions. However, if you are working on quadratic equations, cubic equations, or other more complicated problems, you may have difficulty.Students can usually expect to answer these types of questions about DNA, proteins, and enzymes. Many of these questions have multiple choices so that they will not give you one wrong answer. Some of the answers will probably be out of context for the rest of the study material, so be prepared to go back and review the parts that are relevant.For example, if you have a question like: 'DNA contains information a bout amino acids. Why is the standard model of protein structure correct but most research places it in the wrong place?' Then you will need to know what that information means. Although the answer to this question is not very important to your AP Chemistry final exam, you will still need to be familiar with how the word means, and what the letter represents.These types of free-response questions focus mainly on protein and DNA, and they are helpful in helping students understand how protein molecules form and interact with each other. For example, a protein will be connected to another component by a specific chain.The size of the chain will depend on the sizes of the amino acids that make up the protein. An amino acid is simply a part of a protein. Knowing all of the types of amino acids will help students be better prepared for their AP Chemistry final exam.Another example of Chemistry free response questions by topic can be about enzymes. This is the component of a living cell t hat is responsible for the production of energy, and protein synthesis. If you are taking AP Chemistry, you should be able to easily answer questions about a cellular enzyme.To get the most out of these free-response questions by topic, it is helpful to find a practice test that you can use. This will allow you to take the questions over until you can fully understand them.

Tutors Provide Support for Schizophrenic Patients

Tutors Provide Support for Schizophrenic Patients Misfortune has struck me recently because my fiancée has been diagnosed with a form of schizophrenia.  She no longer is the sweet, caring and intelligent women she used to be.  Due to her  psychosis  she disconnects  from the real world and now her life mainly goes on in her head.  Imaginary voices speak to her while she is awake, acts on her negative emotion by attempting to hurt some people around. She also fails to identify her fiancée (that is me).  A horrifying scenario indeed! In this article I provide an overview of schizophrenia, how it is diagnosed, treated and how tutors can provide support to manage this mental disease. Schizophrenia is an illness of the mind and best characterized by poor cognitive and emotional  responsiveness. Depending on the individual he or she will exhibit one or more of the following symptoms: 1. Delusions: False believes. Such as having imaginary friends, being a spy or being followed. My fiancée believed I was about to pack my bag to leave her for good. 2. Hallucinations often in the form of voices in the head, but schizophrenic people may also  see, smell, taste, and feel things that are not there. My fiancée for example held her ears closed in an attempt to escape these voices. 3. Bizarre Behavior covers a wide range of ways that seems strange or inappropriate to normal people. My fiancée started five  different household tasks without finishing one of them. 4. Disorganized Speech: Sentences which may not make much sense, strange topic of conversation changes. 5. Negative Symptoms: Lack of motivation or interest. Emotional distance even to loved ones. Diminishing ability to function socially. One may judge schizophrenic people  as being of poor characters.  But this is far from the truth as schizophrenia is a genuine biological disorder:  In the brain billions of neurons interact with each other.  This process requires bio-chemicals or neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonins.  Most commonly, elevated levels of  dopamines  causes misfiring of neurons which trigger the minds misinterpretation of reality. Diagnosing Schizophrenia There is no test for schizophrenia yet.  Instead the  psychiatrist interviews and observes the patient and identifies the disease by the symptoms.  Often MRI scans provide further clues about the presence of schizophrenia.  Moreover, doctors must rule out other causes such as a brain tumor or drug abuse by means of  blood and urine tests  as well as  MRIs. In order to prescribe the right treatment a doctors consider  different types of psychic disorders: 1. Schizophrenia: Symptoms start 6 months or more prior to the onset of the episode. They increase in severity and usually impair social functioning and/or degrade performance at work. 2.  Schizophreniform  Disorder:  Same symptoms as schizophrenia, but they start 6 months or less before the full outbreak of the illness. 3. Brief Psychotic Disorder, or brief reactive disorder. Symptoms last at least a day but never more than a month. The duration of the psychosis is generally shorter (1 to 3 months). Thereafter the patient fully recovers.  Because my fiancée experienced such a sudden onset of her symptoms I am hopeful her diagnosis is that of a brief psychotic disorder and will return to the wonderful person she was before. 4.  Schizoaffective Disorder: A mix schizophrenia and  mood disorder exhibiting depression and/or bipolar disorder. 5. Delusional Disorder: To them it is evident they are being followed, conspired against or have to save the world.  No reasoning will help.  These delusions persist for at least one month or more. Treatment Unfortunately, there is no cure for schizophrenia.  But the illness can be managed by means of  antipsychotic  medications, often in combination with psychotherapy, family counseling and group therapy. The first-line psychiatric treatment for schizophrenia is by means of anti-psychotic medication  which can reduce the symptoms of psychosis in about one or two weeks.  Long term use of  antipsychotic  of decreases the risk of relapse.  These mediation typical block dopamine receptors in the brains synapses.  While this process manages psychosis often well it accompanied by harmful side effects.  These effects include weight gain, muscle weakness, inability to remain motionless, shrinkage of brain volume, diabetes, sexual dysfunction and  reduced life expectancy. Today most antipsychotics  in use are in second generation. They have less side-effects.  Examples of these newer medications include  clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, and  ziprasidone. Besides psychotherapy, family and group therapy there is evidence that diet and managing stress reduces the severity of  schizophrenia  or lessens the risk of a relapse. In fact the ubiquitous  gluten found in bread, cookies, snacks and many other processed foods coupled with a genetic predisposition might cause the patient to produce gluten antibodies harmful for the brain (auto-immune response). Since stress can trigger a psychic episode it is simple to manage it. Stay away from a high  carb  diet and prefer fresh fruits and vegetable together with fatty fishes (rich in omega-3).  At TutorZ.com you find tutors who can advise you on which  nutrients  are right for mental health. Another important way to manage schizophrenia is physical exercises. It builds up lost muscle wait, controls gained weight and most importantly acts to reduce stress. Yoga, meditation  and  Tai Chi have been proven to be especially effect and is offered by many tutors on  TutorZ.com. Of course, when dealing with schizophrenia it is always necessary to seek (ongoing) advice and treatment from psychologist or psychiatrists.  However, in less severe cases of schizophrenia a tutor might be the right person to give you a break from having to attend your child, spouse or parent.  In fact, developing creative skills such as playing  guitar or piano, acting on stage, painting or knitting helps to reduce the symptoms.  The skill set required of a tutor teaching a schizophrenic student is similar to that of autism, attention deficit disorder or manic syndromes.  We at  TutorZ.com can connect you with tutors who specialize in schizophrenia, autism, dyslexia  and  ADHD. For further information about schizophrenia you may also contact one of our qualified  psychology  tutors. Tutors Provide Support for Schizophrenic Patients Misfortune has struck me recently because my fiancée has been diagnosed with a form of schizophrenia.  She no longer is the sweet, caring and intelligent women she used to be.  Due to her  psychosis  she disconnects  from the real world and now her life mainly goes on in her head.  Imaginary voices speak to her while she is awake, acts on her negative emotion by attempting to hurt some people around. She also fails to identify her fiancée (that is me).  A horrifying scenario indeed! In this article I provide an overview of schizophrenia, how it is diagnosed, treated and how tutors can provide support to manage this mental disease. Schizophrenia is an illness of the mind and best characterized by poor cognitive and emotional  responsiveness. Depending on the individual he or she will exhibit one or more of the following symptoms: 1. Delusions: False believes. Such as having imaginary friends, being a spy or being followed. My fiancée believed I was about to pack my bag to leave her for good. 2. Hallucinations often in the form of voices in the head, but schizophrenic people may also  see, smell, taste, and feel things that are not there. My fiancée for example held her ears closed in an attempt to escape these voices. 3. Bizarre Behavior covers a wide range of ways that seems strange or inappropriate to normal people. My fiancée started five  different household tasks without finishing one of them. 4. Disorganized Speech: Sentences which may not make much sense, strange topic of conversation changes. 5. Negative Symptoms: Lack of motivation or interest. Emotional distance even to loved ones. Diminishing ability to function socially. One may judge schizophrenic people  as being of poor characters.  But this is far from the truth as schizophrenia is a genuine biological disorder:  In the brain billions of neurons interact with each other.  This process requires bio-chemicals or neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonins.  Most commonly, elevated levels of  dopamines  causes misfiring of neurons which trigger the minds misinterpretation of reality. Diagnosing Schizophrenia There is no test for schizophrenia yet.  Instead the  psychiatrist interviews and observes the patient and identifies the disease by the symptoms.  Often MRI scans provide further clues about the presence of schizophrenia.  Moreover, doctors must rule out other causes such as a brain tumor or drug abuse by means of  blood and urine tests  as well as  MRIs. In order to prescribe the right treatment a doctors consider  different types of psychic disorders: 1. Schizophrenia: Symptoms start 6 months or more prior to the onset of the episode. They increase in severity and usually impair social functioning and/or degrade performance at work. 2.  Schizophreniform  Disorder:  Same symptoms as schizophrenia, but they start 6 months or less before the full outbreak of the illness. 3. Brief Psychotic Disorder, or brief reactive disorder. Symptoms last at least a day but never more than a month. The duration of the psychosis is generally shorter (1 to 3 months). Thereafter the patient fully recovers.  Because my fiancée experienced such a sudden onset of her symptoms I am hopeful her diagnosis is that of a brief psychotic disorder and will return to the wonderful person she was before. 4.  Schizoaffective Disorder: A mix schizophrenia and  mood disorder exhibiting depression and/or bipolar disorder. 5. Delusional Disorder: To them it is evident they are being followed, conspired against or have to save the world.  No reasoning will help.  These delusions persist for at least one month or more. Treatment Unfortunately, there is no cure for schizophrenia.  But the illness can be managed by means of  antipsychotic  medications, often in combination with psychotherapy, family counseling and group therapy. The first-line psychiatric treatment for schizophrenia is by means of anti-psychotic medication  which can reduce the symptoms of psychosis in about one or two weeks.  Long term use of  antipsychotic  of decreases the risk of relapse.  These mediation typical block dopamine receptors in the brains synapses.  While this process manages psychosis often well it accompanied by harmful side effects.  These effects include weight gain, muscle weakness, inability to remain motionless, shrinkage of brain volume, diabetes, sexual dysfunction and  reduced life expectancy. Today most antipsychotics  in use are in second generation. They have less side-effects.  Examples of these newer medications include  clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, and  ziprasidone. Besides psychotherapy, family and group therapy there is evidence that diet and managing stress reduces the severity of  schizophrenia  or lessens the risk of a relapse. In fact the ubiquitous  gluten found in bread, cookies, snacks and many other processed foods coupled with a genetic predisposition might cause the patient to produce gluten antibodies harmful for the brain (auto-immune response). Since stress can trigger a psychic episode it is simple to manage it. Stay away from a high  carb  diet and prefer fresh fruits and vegetable together with fatty fishes (rich in omega-3).  At TutorZ.com you find tutors who can advise you on which  nutrients  are right for mental health. Another important way to manage schizophrenia is physical exercises. It builds up lost muscle wait, controls gained weight and most importantly acts to reduce stress. Yoga, meditation  and  Tai Chi have been proven to be especially effect and is offered by many tutors on  TutorZ.com. Of course, when dealing with schizophrenia it is always necessary to seek (ongoing) advice and treatment from psychologist or psychiatrists.  However, in less severe cases of schizophrenia a tutor might be the right person to give you a break from having to attend your child, spouse or parent.  In fact, developing creative skills such as playing  guitar or piano, acting on stage, painting or knitting helps to reduce the symptoms.  The skill set required of a tutor teaching a schizophrenic student is similar to that of autism, attention deficit disorder or manic syndromes.  We at  TutorZ.com can connect you with tutors who specialize in schizophrenia, autism, dyslexia  and  ADHD. For further information about schizophrenia you may also contact one of our qualified  psychology  tutors.

How Have Men Been Interacting With #MeToo

How Have Men Been Interacting With #MeToo Image from pixabay.com In case you need some background information The original use of Me Too is credited to  Tarana Burke, who first used the phrase in 2007. In an interview with Ebony Magazine, she said: “It wasn’t built to be a viral campaign or a hashtag that is here today and forgotten tomorrow. It was a catchphrase to be used from survivor to survivor to let folks know that they were not alone and that a movement for radical healing was happening and possible.” A decade later actress Alyssa Milano shared #MeToo on Oct. 15, encouraging women to share their experiences with sexual harassment or assault in order to show the world how widespread of an issue this really is. In just nine days the hashtag had been used over 1.7 million times  and had reached 85 countries! And that’s just the numbers from Twitter alone. If we had numbers from Facebook, Instagram, and other forms of social media, I expect the numbers would show that #MeToo has made contact with at least several million more. Presumably, these posts have led to millions of real, face-to-face conversations about sexual violence. Some people are even taking the phrase to the streets. The woman  in this video  took the bed she was raped on and made a powerful public statement out of it. Most importantly, as Tarana Burke originally intended,  Me Too is a way of uniting victims and letting them know that they are not alone. But at the same time, it has also been a call for women to stand up against misogynist behavior. It is as much a tool for healing as it is a battle cry for change.                                                                                    How men have interacted with #MeToo   Infographic composed by Jared Hammer Expectedly, men had difficulty fitting into the conversation. While the majority of men chose not to speak up at all, there was considerable backlash for those who did. Some men opened up about their own experiences as sexual victims, while others admitted their role in the sexual oppression of women with #IHave. From the conversations I saw, male victims of sexual violence who used the hashtag were primarily met with support from women. These women recognized that while this issue affects women on a much greater scale, sexual violence is in no way exclusive to women. According to rainn.org, the largest anti-sexual violence organization in the U.S., approximately 10 percent of rape victims are male. Still, with women being affected on such a wider scale than men, some felt that the focus should stay on violence against women, at least for now. The other side of men speaking up in the #MeToo campaign  was the men who spoke up using #IHave,  the idea being that for every #MeToo, there is someone on the other end of the equation. The intention of the effort has been for men to openly acknowledge ways they have been a part of the problem. By confessing their own role and promising to stand up against sexually oppressive behavior, these men were trying to be a part of the solution. A lot of people found #IHave highly distasteful. The majority of #IHave posts are primarily from men admitting to behavior that would be classified as sexual harassment  or admitting a failure to stand up against it. Generally, these posts are accompanied with a vow to change this behavior. Despite their intentions, these men are often finding themselves lumped into the same category as the men who have committed serious sexual crimes. I found it disheartening to see these men treated like rapists. Although they are admitting their contribution to rape culture, finding men who never have contributed to the problem are few and far between. The men who use #IHave are trying to start a conversation about changing that narrative. I think we should be encouraging this behavior. I expect many women who spoke out against #IHave were reminded of past traumas and/or slimy experiences theyve had with sexual harassment. Thinking through this lens, it makes sense that a simple #IHave and Im sorry doesnt feel like enough. The simplicity of posting a status, without seeing it backed up by action, implied to critics that these men expected their past crimes to be absolved if they just made a post about it. While I dont think men should be discouraged from participating in the conversation, and I think #IHave is a conversation that needs to be had, I can agree that a social media status is not enough. For those who want to do more than a status update and need a stronger starting point,  this article from CNN has a lot of great advice for men who want to be a part of the solution. With time, sexual education, and a willingness to change, we can help end sexual violence.

Derivatives of Absolute Functions Are Core Concepts of Organic Chemistry

Derivatives of Absolute Functions Are Core Concepts of Organic ChemistryIn organic chemistry, the power of derivatives of absolute functions plays a crucial role in determining how different compounds react in nature. A good knowledge of this aspect helps students understand the properties of compounds and how they react with each other. As they do so, they will also be able to develop different strategies in the future.Basically, the derivatives of the absolute functions of some substances are functions that are grouped under the category of the pure type. The term simply means that they belong to the same type of functions. However, they do not belong to the same type of function.To give an example, the functions of hydroxyl and methyl are different because they are different types of compounds. The functions of the first group is on the dry carbon atom, while the second group contains nitrogen atoms. The pure functions have the same types of functions and the same symmetry but dif fer in the way they are organized. Therefore, there are several differences between the groups.The pure types of compounds all have the same atomic formula. However, their structures are different. There are many structures found in nature that are not found in any of the pure types.The diazadiazoles are examples of pure types. These functions are created using the derivatives of absolute functions to form structures that are hard to recognize because of their unnatural shapes.The pure types of compounds are usually produced by combining the functions with hydrogen, oxygen, or chlorine atoms. They include the hydrogen and the hydrinosine.The functions of the pure types of compounds all have the same symmetry. However, their structure is not the same. They differ in the number of carbon atoms, and some even have one to two additional electrons in their atoms.

Cosmic Chemistry - A New Book For New World Order Policy Makers

Cosmic Chemistry - A New Book For New World Order Policy MakersCosmic Chemistry is a new book by Judy Rebick that makes some very important points regarding the connection between Mother Nature and the impact she has on our physical health. Rebick lays out a clear plan of action that all of us can follow if we are interested in this connection, one that addresses issues as varied as; health and the environment, personal, physical and mental well being, the need for meditation and spiritual growth.To understand the impact of Cosmic Chemistry, it is important to understand that humans are products of the environment. In other words, we are a part of a world-wide phenomenon. Our ancestors are living in a world where one-third of the world's population live on the other side of the globe from the humans and our world is one of the few left that exists without major wars, disease or famine. This is not the world we live in today.It is true that Science Fiction is often only a product of t he imagination but it is also true that the average person has seen many future scenarios and some have even experienced these in their lifetime. I know, because as a child I have often imagined a world where many of the stories I read and the ones I saw in movies were not so far fetched.It is only when you take a step back and look at the world that we live in today, that you realize how incredibly 'pre-industrial' the world really is. We live in a world that is controlled by a handful of super power nations. It is a world that is in deep debt to the central banks of the globe. And it is a world where the negative effects of those debts are slowly killing us off.I cannot stress enough the importance of reading Cosmic Chemistry. If you are not already an avid reader, I highly recommend it. The information is real and that is why I am writing this article to encourage you to check it out.Cosmic Chemistry addresses all of the pressing issues of the modern world. While the elements in the material world we live in are not of an infinite number, the human body is one of them and Rebick points out the connection that exists between our bodies and the physical elements of the earth's environment. Rebick is right, and I thank her for her efforts in sharing her ideas with the world.So my question to you is: do you want to know more about Cosmic Chemistry? Do you want to know the facts? Well, why don't you check it out for yourself and find out for yourself? The most important thing is that you don't ignore the fact that you are alive, you have a need for change and you want to know more about this wonderful subject.

Why Students Are Being Rewarded To Attend School

Why Students Are Being Rewarded To Attend School What would it take to get a flawless attendance record from your kid? Baseball tickets? Gift cards? A necklace? How about an automated wake-up call from former NBA-great Magic Johnson? A handful of schools in New York City are actually doing all of those to help increase school attendance through politicians and administrators collaboration, according to an article in the New York Times. And its working. On any given day one out 15 elementary students is absent in NYC public schools, compared to one out of 13 in 2007 and one out of nine in 1995. Other NYC schools have taken larger strides to increase attendance. The Center for New York City Affairs at the New School recently released a study indicating that attendance increased significantly for the 2009-2010 school year. It found that there were 105 elementary schools where 30 percent or more of students missed at least one month of class, a decrease from 216 in the 2006-2007 school year. But, most schools still have an attendance problem. During the 2009-2010 schools year one in five students missed at least a months worth of school at 42 percent of New Yorks 700 elementary schools, according to the New School study. That figure actually marks a decrease from the 2005-2006 school year of 58 percent of schools having one in five students miss at least a month of school. In 2009, the Education Department began to track student absenteeism, kicking off the trend of increasing student attendance. The Education Department defined chronic absenteeism as missing 20 or more school days in a year. It also encouraged schools to monitor attendance more closely. However, some students have safety concerns, transportation issues or health issues like asthma that are causing chronic absenteeism. But, many cases are caused by apathetic parents and students. Schools are now growing more concerned with chronic absenteeism as studies show that it correlates with future drop out rates and low test scores. The Campaign for Fiscal Equity followed 64,000 New York City students through their third and fourth grades in 2006-2008 and found that state test scores improved when attendance did. The absentee numbers and effects are out there, and now its up to schools to motivate students and improve attendance. Most schools are using rewards and incentives systems to improve attendance like throwing pizza parties for students with perfect attendance. Schools are externally rewarding students to show up; however, many students still have no internal motivation to get up and go to school a longstanding, reoccurring problem. Sometimes, students only show up to get the pizza parties, baseball tickets or gift cards all extrinsic motivators. They have no internal reason for being there and therefore no internal desire to achieve. However, if schools can create genuine interest, then students will be more likely to try harder.

How to Sing Better with One Simple Trick

How to Sing Better with One Simple Trick Suzy S. Whether youre a fan of American Idol or not, the show has become a large part of pop culture.   And if youre able to ignore the gimmicks, youll find that shows like Idol do have some merit in exposing some amazing talent: grunge-loving Chris Daughtry, country crooner Carrie Underwood, and of course Kelly Clarkson just to name a few. Theres also a way these artists can help you improve your own voice.   Dont believe us?   Its as simple as learning to listen more efficiently.   As you listen, train yourself to focus on the intricacies of the singers vocal style, and youll be able to pinpoint the areas that you need to work on yourself.   And dont worry if we catch you rocking out to Since U Been Gone, we wont judge. Heres an excellent list of elements to listen for in other singers voices, courtesy of PerformanceHigh.net: 1. Melisma (embellishments, riffs, trills, licks, runs) how, when, and to what extent does the singer decorate the basic melody? 2. Texture is the voice breathy, edgy, brassy, clear, gritty, etc? 3. Intonation (pitch) is the singer on pitch? Do they use blue notes? Do they intentionally (or not) sing any notes slightly flat? 4. Emotional expression what does the singer do to help you feel the lyrics emotionally? 5. Phrasing and space what is the rhythm of the lyrics? Does the singer push or pull any lyrics ahead of or behind the beat? Where does the singer leave space? 6. Dynamics how loud, how soft? How quickly or slowly do the singers dynamics change? 7. Mix is the singer singing in chest voice, head voice, or a mix? If a mix, how heavy (chesty) or light (heady) a mix are they using? Do they use different approaches throughout the song? 8. Compression how compressed is the voice? (High pop belting is often very compressed; breathy low-volume singing is not.) 9. Tension and release how does the singer help you feel emotional tension and then release simply through the voice (and not the song structure or lyrics)? 10. Placement is the voice aimed forward behind the nose? Or is it rounder and throatier? Is it more present in the mouth, or in the nose, or equally balanced? Practicing better listening will also come in handy when listening to recordings of yourself.   With this one simple concept, youll be able to really feel the details in your singing, making it seamless. How has the simple act of listening helped you sing better?   Leave a comment below! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Image courtesy of http://abcnewsradioonline.com.

Simple Ways to Improve Your Writing Skills

Simple Ways to Improve Your Writing Skills Writing is a central component of your academic career. It is required in the vast majority of your classes, as well as in the workforce. If you wish to increase your success as a student, consider strengthening your writing skills. Here are several simple ways to help you improve: Communicate with purpose All writing, whether in the form of an email or an essay, has a purpose. Ensure you can pinpoint the purpose of your document. Are you writing to entertain, to inform, to persuadeor for a different reason? The purpose of your writing will partially drive the genre and style of your composition. Always keep your end goal in mind. Here are some helpful tips for writing an essaythat you may find useful as well. Understand your audience Just as you must write with a clear purpose, it is important to understand the audience you are addressing. Your instructor is one audience, but do others exist? Is your audience an academic community, the readers of a publication, or your peers? Knowing who will view your document is important, as you will utilize different levels of language and stylistic conventions with different readers. Before you even begin to write, think about the larger audience you are trying to reach, and keep that information in mind as you work. Organize your efforts Accomplished writing, particularly academic writing, is well organized. Organization starts before you begin to draft your document, and it continues throughout the creative process. If you are writing a paper that involves research, your organizational process should start before you even begin to read. There are several simple ways to ensure your writing is well organized, including outlines, note cards, and graphic organizers. An array of graphic organizers can be found online or at your schools academic or writing center. Verify at each step of your process that your writing is clearly organizedin a manner that will make sense to your reader. Revisit your composition It is important that your writing be free of errors before you submit it to your instructor. After you are done writing, set your piece aside. Engage in a different activity for a short while. Then, return to your piece of writing and re-read it to double-check that it makes sense and is free of grammatical and spelling errors. You may find it useful to read your work out loud, as this allows you to note mistakes that you may skip over when reading silently. Be sure to run spell check on the document, but remember that certain spelling errors will not be noticed by spell check, and you must therefore carefully proofread your own writing, as well. You may also want to check out these tips to boost your writing skills. Sometimes, it can be helpful to have a family member, friend, or writing tutor review your essay or short story. After all, you will wish to submit the most polished piece of writing possible! Keep these simple tips in mind as you improve your writing skills. By strengthening your writing skills, you will improve your chances of success as a student, as well as beyond school in future careers!

Understanding Guitar Tabs the Easy Way.

Understanding Guitar Tabs the Easy Way. How, then, Do You Read Guitar Tablature? ChaptersWhat is a Guitar Tab?Special Symbols for TabsWhere Can You Find Easy Guitar Tabs?If you want to learn how to play the guitar but you don't know any music theory and reading music is impossible for you, there’s a great alternative. These we call guitar tabs - or tablature.Whatever your nationality or playing level, guitar tabs are easy to read for everyone. They are not dependent on the vocabulary of sheet music, they are pictorial, and they are relevant to classical guitar, acoustic guitar, and electric guitar alike.A lot of guitar players use them because they are simple, straightforward, and get you knowing how to play guitar - and how to play your favorite guitar songs - in no time.So, how do you read guitar tabs? Are there universal symbols for everyone to understand? Are there online guitar tutorials to learn how to read tabs - or are they best picked up in a formal guitar lesson or guitar course?Superprof has put it all together for you so that you can learn this meth od of playing the guitar.It’s no longer necessary to learn to read music in order to play the guitar. Nowadays guitarists often read their music on tabs.Although they have a few drawbacks, tabs are quick and easy to learn and you can share many different types of   guitar music with fellow musicians. If you want to learn licks, guitar chords, a chord progression, or the pentatonic scale, tab is probably the easiest way for the beginner guitar player to do it!If you’ve already taken a few guitar lessons for beginners, then you’ll know that reading tabs is necessary for any guitarist worthy of the title - as it is an important way,alongside standard notation, to share written music with other guitar players.What’s Tab Then?Tabs are a specialized and simplified way of reading music for a specific instrument. You can find tabs for piano, guitar, bass guitar, and even drums.In terms of guitar, tab provides a visual representation of the fretboard. Unlike standard music notation, which uses a stave of five lines with the placement of a symbol on a different line signifying a different pitch, tab gives you a number on one of six lines.The six lines represent the fret board - and the number shows on which fret you should place your finger. So, if there is a '1' on the top line of the tab, you put your index finger in that box on the guitar neck on the thinnest string. If there is no number on a string, don't play that string!The benefit of this, for guitarists, is that the notes of a different guitar chord, arpeggio, or lead guitar lick, can be played in a different place on the neck of the guitar. Standard notation does not show the different places where these can be played - leaving that decision up to the musician - but tab does, showing the best guitar position or the most easy guitar position to play this at.Reading the tab on its own isn’t difficult. You read it from left to right just like any other piece of music, and when you get to the end of the line you go down to the next one and continue following the notes in the same direction.In fact, learning to read tabs is as essential to learning rhythm  and both are fundamental guitar playing!Playing Chords from a Guitar Tab.As we said, each string is represented by a line on the tab, meaning that there are six lines. But, as we know about the guitar, we don't just play one string at a time.Rather, the six strings of a guitar were designed to be played together. We can read the main chords - power chords, barre chords, open chords (the most basic chords), jazz chords - by looking at where on the tab different numbers on different lines are presented as one above the other. This will tell you that they need to be played simultaneously.Once you have developed your dexterity through the basic chord shapes, tab provides a really easy way to see how chords are constructed all over the neck.You just need to follow the tab and see where to put your fingers!The Quirks of Guitar TabsNonet heless, guitar tabs do have several unique features of which you must be aware:Most tabs don’t have any indication regarding the speed or rhythm at which you should play. The ones that do - that you can see in anything from jazz guitar to rhythm guitar, chord progressions to guitar solos - use the rhythmic notation of standard musical notation.The tab is broken up into measures, but it is very rare to know the rhythm to play the guitar.The best advice is to really listen to the piece of music that you’re trying to play. Notice how it is structured, and how many counts are in each measure (ninety of rock, pop and folk songs have four beats, or are in 4/4 time).Recognize guitar tabs to improve your guitar playing!Symbols that denote rhythm are written like this: ‘w’ for a whole note, ‘h’ for a half note, ‘e’ for an eighth note, and ’s’ for a sixteenth note.If there’s a dot after a letter like ’w’, that means that you need to hold the note for half of its leng th again.Special Symbols for TabsWhether you want to play Jimi Hendrix or Eric Clapton, Metallica or Lynyrd Skynyrd, Led Zeppelin or Pink Floyd, you're going to come across some strange notation that you might not immediately recognise.You’ll notice that there are many different symbols on tabs that tell you how to play the notes or link them together.It’s important to learn to recognize the symbols by heart so that reading them becomes second nature. This way you can perfectly reproduce your favorite songs and play your arpeggios on the guitar - without having to stop and think about what each one means when you are playing whichever song.These are different guitar techniques or guitar tricks that make up the more sophisticated parts of rock guitar, blues guitar, and solo guitar.Here are a few of the most common symbols.Hammer-OnsTo play a hammer-on, you need to play a string, let it vibrate, and forcefully place, or 'hammer', another finger on a fret on the same string. What h appens in this hammering is that you play a different, higher, note without actually plucking it with your right hand.Hammer-ons are often represented by the letter ‘h’, and are written between the first fret you play and the one on which you’re doing a hammer on. (for example, 4h9 means strum the 4th fret and then the 9th).Sometimes the ‘h’ can also be replaced by a ^ (4^9).Pull-OffsPlaying a pull-off is the opposite of a hammer-on.To play a pull-off, pull your fingers away quickly from the fret in order to create a lower note.Learn to play with guitar tabs.Pull-offs are generally represented by ‘p’ and are placed between the first fret you play and the one on which you’re performing a pull-off.An example could be written as either 8p6.Practise your tabs during bass guitar lessons.BendsBends are performed by pushing a string after playing a note, in order to change the note while staying on the same fret.Bends are generally indicated by a curved arrow and then a not ation like ‘ ½â€™ or  â€˜ ¼â€™ or ‘full’ to tell you how to change the note.If the arrow curves back on itself, or is marked by an ‘R’ for ‘bend and return’, that means that you should go back to the original note after you perform the bend.Another way of writing a bend is with ‘b’ where it is placed between the first note to play, and the second that sounds due to the bend (for example 10b12).The letter ‘r’ for return could also be added to this combination, telling you to return to the original pitch (8b10r8).SlidesTo play a slide, you slide along the string from one fret to another, either to get a higher sound (slide up) or a lower one (slide down), by continuing to hold the string down.Slide ups are noted by a ‘/‘  and a slide down as ‘’  as with 6/86.You can also play slides  legato, meaning a slide where you don’t use your pick for the first note of the slide.The note sounds natural, without any effect.Slide is a symbol on guitar tab.Some guita rists think that you should also avoid using a pick on the base note, but the most important thing is to play without leaving a gap between the two notes.Another feature of the slide is the slide and shift, where you play a note on the same string instead of on another string, so that only one sounds at once.This will also help you to avoid having to change your guitar strings too often.This is marked in tabs as ’S’.Less common symbolsOther less common symbols are also important to recognize in tabs. Recognizing them is an important part of getting the right sound as you work on improving your guitar technique.'~'VibratoBend and relax a string to modulate the pitch slightly on long held notes.'S' or 'T'Slap, or ThumbA technique common in bass guitar where you slap the string with the thumb of your right hand.'PM'Palm MuteWith your right hand, you muffle the strings at the bridge - to give a crunchier sound.'X'MuteHere you will want to completely stop the sound of a particular st ring.' /'TremoloA number between two slashes requires you to use the whammy bar - changing the pitch of the note by the value of the number noted.'t'TappingWhere you tap on the neck with your right hand.To learn to read guitar tabs, the most important thing to do is to stay motivated at guitar.Where Can You Find Easy Guitar Tabs?The internet is swimming with different guitar tabs to help people play songs. The songs to tab ratio is fairly huge, with hundreds of different tabs available for every different song. For a first guitar tab, you can just pick the best reviewed ones. But, as you improve your ear training, you'll be able to discern the difference in quality of tabs by just listening.But, in the meantime, here are some great places to find some easy tabs.The Internet.As we said, the internet is full of guitar tabs - which you can either find in Notepad-style text, or else in specialised computer programmes. These latter, such as Guitar Pro or TablEdit, are hugely useful things that c ombine tab with traditional sheet music.They can play back the tabs to you too, so you know exactly how you are supposed to play the rhythm.A Guitar Teacher.If you start guitar lessons, either online guitar lessons or in person, one of the main ways that your teacher will aid you is by giving you music to learn. And if you are playing acoustic guitars or electric guitars, you will be provided with tab (classical guitarists usually use standard notation!).Alongside all the theory of the major chord and major scale, and the techniques of fingerstyle, fingerpicking, and improvisation, your teacher will be able to guide you through practicing tabs too. Knowing whether to use your middle finger or first finger on the first string or second string, and how best to develop your guitar skills using tab.Make Tabs Yourself.If you are feeling ambitious, you can try and make the tabs yourself. This comes from listening to the music you want to play and writing it down. This process is known as transcription - and it can be the only way to learn some songs, as sometimes the tabs aren't available!Give it a go!